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\documentclass[a4paper]{toledoStyle}
\usepackage{epsfig}

\begin{document}

\title{The \LaTeX{} format for the proceedings of `The Promise 
       of FIRST'}

\author{G.L.\,Pilbratt\inst{1} \and F.\,Favata\inst{1} \and 
  M.A.N.Y.\,Unknowns\inst{2} } 

\institute{
  ESA Astrophysics Division, Space Science Department, ESTEC, 
  Postbus 299, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands 
\and 
  A second institute, Somewhere, Sometown, Somecountry }

\maketitle 

\begin{abstract}

This file {\bf toledoSample.tex} contains the instructions for authors 
preparing papers for the proceedings of the \emph{`The Promise of FIRST'} 
symposium. It should also be used as the starting point for writing 
the papers. In order to compile this \LaTeX{} file you need the 
document class {\bf toledoStyle.cls}, as well as the \LaTeX{}\,2$\epsilon$ 
package. Note that it will \emph{not} work properly with the 
old \LaTeX{}\,2.09!

\keywords{Galaxies: formation -- Stars: formation -- Missions: FIRST 
-- macros: \LaTeX \ }
\end{abstract}


\section{Introduction}
  
These instructions are intended to assist you in preparing your paper
for the proceedings of the \emph{`The Promise of FIRST'} symposium in
the format required by the editors. The postscript version of the file is
intended to illustrate the layout of the paper, and to give general
instructions on the conventions used in typesetting these proceedings.
Please see the file {\bf toledoSample.tex} for specific examples of how
to implement the various \LaTeX{} commands, and \emph{use this file as 
the starting point for writing your own paper} for the proceedings.

The {\bf toledoStyle.cls} \LaTeX{} document class is intended for
preparing papers for the proceedings of \emph{`The Promise of 
FIRST'} Symposium.
It makes it possible to use all standard \LaTeX{} facilities, such as
tables and encapsulated postscript figures. Make sure that
you have this file, you need it, and please \emph{don't modify it}, 
we will use our version -- not yours! -- when creating the 
proceedings. Also please note that you will \emph{need} the 
\LaTeX{}\,2$\epsilon$ package, you will not manage properly with the 
old \LaTeX{}\,2.09 package. Should you still have the old \LaTeX{}\,2.09 
package installed in your institute you will want to upgrade for 
reasons other than `just' writing your \emph{`The Promise of FIRST'} 
paper anyway. Talk to your system manager!

Once your paper is completed, and you are happy that \LaTeX{} 
produces your desired output, you should ftp the complete source
(i.e.\ the {\tt .tex}) file plus all the figures (i.e. all the
{\tt .eps} files) to us as described in the web-page.


\section{The title section}
\label{authorf_sec:tit}

Title, authors and affiliations should be specified as above, using
the \verb!\title{}!, \verb!\institute{}!and \verb!\author{}! commands,
If multiple authors and/or institutes, then use the \verb!\and!
command to separate them. For authors use initial of first name(s)
followed by family name. When the institute list contains more than
one institute then each author/institute pair is linked with
sequential numbers using the \verb!\inst{}! command attached to each
author name. E-mail addresses should not be included in the
affiliation; these will be listed separately, along with attendees and
full institute addresses at the end of the proceedings. Titles, author
lists and institutes should not end with a punctuation mark. The
abstract and keywords are created by enclosing the text within
\verb!\begin{abstract}! and \verb!\end{abstract}!. Keywords should be
inserted using the \verb!\keywords{}! command; note that they will be
used to create an index.


\section{Section commands}
\label{authorf_sec:cmd}

The standard \LaTeX{} sectioning commands \verb!\section! and \\ 
\verb!\subsection!  should be used, and will be numbered
automatically. In order to make listings use the itemize or enumerate
commands, e.g.
  
\begin{itemize}
  \item This is the first item in an itemized list
  \item And this is the second one.  This list is itemized.
\end{itemize}

\begin{enumerate}
  \item This is the first item in an enumerated list
  \item And this is the second one.  This list is enumerated.
\end{enumerate}


\subsection{Subsection example}
\label{authorf_sec:ex}

This is an example of a subsection. Please do not try to modify the
font and style of the section titles.


\section{How to place figures and tables}
\label{authorf_sec:fig}

This section describes how to insert figures and tables into the text.
Figure~\ref{authorf_fig:fig1} shows an example 
of a figure which spans one column
only. For figures to span the whole width of the page, use the
\verb!\begin{figure*}! and \verb!\end{figure*}! form.

You can control the placing of figures by using the optional argument
to the figure environment, which can be: {\tt h t b p } (for here,
top, bottom or page), to indicate placement in the page or, in the
last case, on a separate page at the end of the paper. Sometimes it is
necessary to force \LaTeX{} to position the figure where you want it
(instead of the default position). To do this use {\tt !} in the
figure options, e.g.\ {\tt [!ht]} will place the figure at the top of
this page (without the {\tt !}, \LaTeX{} positions the figure at the
end of the paper).  Generally, both .eps and .ps files can be
included, as long as a bounding box definition is given in the
corresponding file. We advise to use the \verb!\epsfig{}! (or
the \verb!\includegraphics{}!) command to include postscript files; 
it is distributed with the standard \LaTeX{}\,2e distribution, and comes
with the relevant documentation. Note that only electronic figures will be
accepted; if your figure only exists in hardcopy you will need to 
have it scanned.

\begin{figure}[ht]
  \begin{center}
    \epsfig{file=toledoFIRST.eps, width=7cm}
  \end{center}
\caption{ This is a colour figure. Submitted colour postscript 
 figures will be printed in colour in the proceedings. }  
\label{authorf_fig:fig1}
\end{figure}

Colour figures will be printed in colour in the proceedings. Thus, 
use colour when it brings added value, but not when it detracts from 
the message that you want to convey!

Tabular material should be inserted using the standard \LaTeX{}
\verb!table!  environment (\verb!\begin{table}! and
  \verb!\end{table}!)  or the \verb!table*! variant for tables
spanning two columns. This is similar to the figure environment.
Again, placement of the table can be controlled through the usage of
the optional arguments: {\tt h t b p}.  Note that the table captions
appear above the table (as in Table~\ref{authorf_tab:tab1}), whereas the
figure captions appear below the figures. Again, please do not try to
modify the caption's style. 

In general, cross-referencing within the text is made easier if the
\LaTeX{} \verb!\label{}! and \verb!\ref{}! commands are used, and we
encourage authors to use them in their papers.

\begin{table}[bht]
  \caption{A sample table illustrating usage of the \LaTeX{} table
    environment. Please try, if possible, to use the smaller font size
    for the table, as in the current example (set by the {\tt
    footnotesize} command).}
  \label{authorf_tab:tab1}
  \begin{center}
    \leavevmode
    \footnotesize
    \begin{tabular}[h]{lrcc}
      \hline \\[-5pt]
      First column & Col. 2      &  Col. 3      &  V mag \\[+5pt]
      \hline \\[-5pt]
      row 1  & 11.0 & 25.0 & 12 \\
      row 2  & 11.0 & 25.0 & 12 \\
      row 3  & 11.0 & 25.0 & 12 \\
      row 4  & 11.0 & 25.0 & 12 \\
      row 5  & 11.0 & 25.0 & 12 \\
      \hline \\
      \end{tabular}
  \end{center}
\end{table}

\section{Equations}

Formulae which appear in the running text should be enclosed in {\tt
  \$} signs. For example, to produce the equation $a^2 + b^2 = c^2$
within a paragraph type \verb!$a^2 + b^2 = c^2$!. Displayed formulae
are produced using the two commands \verb!\begin{equation}! and
  \verb!\end{equation}! (see Equation~\ref{authorf_eq:eq1}). This
produces equations which are automatically numbered sequentially
throughout your paper. Equations which should appear together as an
array can be formatted using \verb!\begin{eqnarray}!  and
  \verb!\end{eqnarray}! as for Equations~\ref{authorf_eq:eq2} and
\ref{authorf_eq:eq3}:
\begin{equation}
  \Delta{\hat a}_i = \sum_j {\partial f_i \over \partial a_j} 
  \Delta a_j 
  \label{authorf_eq:eq1}
\end{equation}
\begin{eqnarray}
  \alpha &= &\alpha_0 + (T-T_0)\,\mu_{\alpha *0}\,{\rm sec}\,\delta_0 
  \label{authorf_eq:eq2}\\
  \delta &= &\delta_0 + (T-T_0)\,\mu_{\delta 0} \label{authorf_eq:eq3}
\end{eqnarray}

When in math mode (i.e.\ within the equation or eqnarray environment)
all letters appear in italics. However, subscripts,
superscripts\footnote{except when the superscript or subscript are
  variables.} and text within the equation should be typeset as roman.
To achieve this use the \verb!{\rm }! command. Thus, in order to
produce $T_{\rm eff}=5.8\times10^{3}$~K you have to write
\verb!$T_{\rm eff}=5.8\times10^{3}$~K!. Note that the units should be
tied to the numerical value using \verb!~! and should always be in
roman font (the default outside of math mode).

\section{Fine tuning}

We advise the authors to read, for example, the documentation of the
A\&A \LaTeX{} style file, where details are supplied about the proper
usage of, e.g., short and long dashes, spaces, etc. is given.

The definitions in the A\&A \LaTeX{} style file are also available 
in the present style file, for some of these see 
Table~\ref{authorf_tab:tab2} below.

\begin{table}[hb]
\caption{ Some useful definitions (astronomy symbols)  }
\label{authorf_tab:tab2}
\begin{center}
\footnotesize
\begin{tabular}{cc} 
\hline \\
\verb|\sun|	&	\sun	\\
\verb|\degr|	&	\degr	\\
\verb|\arcmin|	&	\arcmin	\\
\verb|\arcsec|	&	\arcsec	\\
\verb|\fd|	&	\fd \, (fraction of day)	\\
\verb|\fp|	&	\fp \, (fraction of period)	\\
\verb|\fdg|	&	\fdg \, (fraction of degree)	\\
\verb|\farcm|	&	\farcm \, (fraction of arcmin)	\\
\verb|\farcs|	&	\farcs \, (fraction of arcsecond)	\\
\verb|\fh|	&	\fh \, (fraction of hour)	\\
\verb|\fm|	&	\fm \, (fraction of minutes)	\\
\verb|\fs|	&	\fs \, (fraction of second)	\\
\hline  \\
\end{tabular} 
\end{center}
\end{table} 


\section{Indexing}

We will build an index for the proceedings volume; to help in the
process, you should identify references to individual astronomical
objects (for example, when talking about the star \object{HD~283572}
or the AGN \object{NGC~4051}), named according to the IAU conventions,
through use of the \verb!\object{}! command. This will insert its
argument in the text normally, and at the same time will insert it
(during the final processing stage) in an auxiliary file which will be
used for the indexing process.  Also, the keywords inserted in the
abstract will be used in the same fashion.

\section{References}

The last section of the paper should include the bibliography. The
collection of bibliographic references should begin, as shown in this
sample paper, with a \\ \verb!\begin{thebibliography}{}! command, and
  end with the \verb!\end\{thebibliography}! command. Observe the
`standard' order for bibliographic material: author name(s),
publication year, journal name, volume, and page number for articles.
Each bibliographic entry should be in the format shown in the example
file; i.e.\ each entry should have a \verb!\bibitem! entry, in the
following format:

{\small
\begin{verbatim}
\bibitem[\protect
\astroncite{Allen}{1973}]{authorf:all73}
Allen, C., 1973, Astrophysical quantities, 
Athlone Press

\bibitem[\protect
\astroncite{Nobody et~al.}{1997}]{authorf:nob88}
Nobody, B., Somebody, G., Who, M.E. et al.\ 1997,
ApJ, 331, 902

\bibitem[\protect
\astroncite{Smith \& Jones}{1996}]{authorf:sj96}
Smith, A., Jones, B., 1996, A\&A, 555, 999
\end{verbatim}
}

The last entry in the bibitem entry (in our first example 
{\tt authorf:all73}) allows for citations to be easily inserted 
in the text. The \verb!\cite{authorf:all73}! command will produce
`\cite{authorf:all73}', while the \verb!\cite*{authorf:all73}! form 
will produce `\cite*{authorf:all73}'. (If there are two authors then 
they should appear as e.g.\ \cite*{authorf:sj96}, produced by 
\verb!\cite*{authorf:sj96}!. More than two authors will appear as
e.g.\ \cite{authorf:nob88}, produced by \verb!\cite{authorf:nob88}!).

For the format of each bibliography entry (including journal
abbreviations), please follow the standard A\&A format, a summary of
which is available in the January 1 issue of each year. Note that when
you first run \LaTeX{} on your file, it may complain that some
references were undefined. Simply \LaTeX{} the file again and the
cross-references should be reconciled.

\begin{acknowledgements}

  Acknowledgments can be included at the end by using the
  \verb!{\acknowledgements}! environment. We are indeed grateful to
  all previous authors of \LaTeX{} template files with instructions,
  from whom we have copied a lot.

\end{acknowledgements}

\begin{thebibliography}{}

\bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Allen}{1973}]{authorf:all73}
Allen C. 1973, Astrophysical quantities, Athlone Press

\bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Goossens et~al.}{1994}]{authorf:goo94}
Goossens M., Mittelbach F., Samarin A., 1994, The \LaTeX Companion,
Addison-Wesley

\bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Lamport}{1994}]{authorf:lam94}
Lamport, L. 1994, A Document Preparation System \LaTeX, Addison-Wesley

\bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Nobody et~al.}{1997}]{authorf:nob88}
Nobody B., Somebody G., Who M.E. et al.\  1997, ApJ 331, 902

\bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Smith \& Jones}{1996}]{authorf:sj96}
Smith A., Jones B. 1996, A\&A 555, 999

\end{thebibliography}

\appendix

\section{Extra items}

If necessary, one or more appendices can be included. To do that, use
the \verb!\appendix! command, and then just use the normal sectioning
commands afterwards; they will be numbered with roman letters rather
than with sequential numbers.

\end{document}

