ESA SP-388: Proceedings of the 30th ESLAB Symposium `Submillimetre and Far-Infrared Space Instrumentation' (December 1996)

Contents:


Opening remarks, M.C.E. Huber, ESA Space Science Department ix


Session 1: Scientific requirements

Chairman: M.C.E. Huber

Scientific Drivers for Future High-Resolution Far-Infrared Spectroscopy in Space (Invited) (.pdf 265kb) 3
E.F. van Dishoeck and F.P. Helmich


Session 2: Photoconductor Detectors and Instruments

Chairmen: A. Poglitsch and G. Stacey

Modelling of Transient Response in Far-Infrared Photoconductors (Invited) 15
N.M. Haegel, C. Newton, J.C. Simoes, and A.M. White

Extrinsic Germanium Photoconductors for Far-IR Astronoym: Research Results and Works in Progress 21
J.W. Beeman, W.L. Hansen, and E.E Haller

Far-Infrared Stressed Ge:Ga Array for FIRST 25
J. Wolf, R. Katterloher, D. Lemke, U. Grözinger, L. Hermans, O. Frenzl, D. Engemann, J.W. Beeman and N. Fabbricotti

Suppression of the Radiation-Induced Effects in Ge:Ga Detectors 29
M.Patrashin, H. Shibai, H. Okuda, N. Hiromoto, M. Fujiwara and B. Foulks

The GaAs Photoconductor - Characteristics of LPE Grown Sample Detectors 33
R. Katterloher, G. Jakob, E. Bauser, S. Zehender, E.E. Haller, J.W. Beeman, T.H. Henning and G.Pilbratt

Far-Infrared Sensitivity of Superconducting Tunnelling Junctions 37
H.Matsuo, T. Noguchi, A. Sakamoto, T. Sato and S-C Shi

Far-Infrared Detector Arrays for a SOFIA Echelle Spectrometer 41
E.F. Erickson, M.R. Haas, J.A. Baltz, S.W. Colgan, D.H. Lynch, M. McKelvey and J.Wolf

Development of Cryogenic FETs for Far-Infrared Detector Readout 45
Y.Y. Yui, N. Hiromoto, M. Akiba, I. Hosako, and M. Fujiwara

Posters:

Progress in Growth Techniques of High-Purity GaAs 49
S. Zehender, M. Konuma, L. Silier, E. Czech, E. Bauser and R. Katterloher

Design, Test and Application of Liquid-He Cooled 140-230 µm Scanning Fabry-Perot with Stressed Ge:Ga Detector for Astrophysical Purposes 53
F.A. Pepe, R. Brodbeck, D.P. Scherrer, G.N. Schenker, D. Bhend, E. Zimmermann and F.K. Kneubühl

Design Considerations for AIRES, an Airborne Infrared Echelle Spectrometer for SOFIA 57
M.R. Haas, E.F. Erickson, J.A. Baltz, S.W. Colgan, D.H. Lynch and M. Sablan

Cryogenic Readout Amplifiers for FIRST's Stressed Ge:Ga Array 61
B. Dierickx, J. Seijnaeve and D. Scheffer


Session 3: Optical Components and Methods

Chairmen: R. Padman

Far-Infrared Emissivity Measurements of Reflective Surfaces 69
J. Xu, A.E. Lange and J.J. Bock

Hard Gold Coating 73
M. Detaille

A Compact High-Efficiency Feed Structure for Cosmic Microwave Background Astronomy at Millimetre Wavelenghts 77
S.E. Church, B.J. Philhour, A.E. Lange, P.A. Ade, B. Maffei, R. Nartallo-Garcia and M. Drogovan

Self-Supporting Filters for Compact Focal Plane Designs 81
C. Lee, P.A. Ade and C.V. Haynes

LIGA-Fabricated Freestanding Meshes for FIR-Application 85
H.P. Gemünd, E. Kreysa, R. Rupecht, W. Bacher and A. Roberts

Frequency Selective Surfaces for Quasi-Optical Demultiplexing 89
R. Cahill and I.M. Sturland

Posters:

Achromatic Waveplates for Submillimetre Polarimetry 93
A.G. Murray, P.A. Ade, M.J. Griffin, C.V. Haynes and R. Nartallo

Freestanding Resonant Meshes as Bandpass Filters and Beamsplitters of Far-Infrared Radiation 95
V.A. Soglasnova, H.P. Gemünd, E. Kreysa and I.A. Maslov

Emission and Scattering by Dust in Submillimetre Instrumentation 99
P.Y. Fourmond and J.M. Lamarre


Session 4: Bolometer Detectors and Instruments

Chairmen: C. Lin and P. Richards

Bolometric Detector Systems for IR and Millimetre-Wave Space Astronomy (Invited) 105
A.E. Lange, S.E. Church, P.D. Mauskopf, V. Hristov, J.J. Bock, H.M. Delcastillo, J. Beeman, P.A.R. Ade and M.J. Griffin

Micromachined Bolometer-Arrays with Silicon-Nitride Membranes 111
E. Kreysa, J.W. Beeman and E.E. Haller

Neutron Transmutation Doped (NTD) Germanium Thermistors for Submillimetre Bolometer Applications 115
E.E. Haller, K.M. Itoh and J.W. Beeman

Infrared Bolometers with Silicon Nitride Micromesh Absorbers 119
J.J. Bock, H.H. DelCastillo, A.D. Turner, J.W. Beeman, A.E. Lange and P.D. Mauskopf

A Superconducting Bolometer with Strong Electrothermal Feedback 123
P.L. Richards, A.T. Lee, J. Gildemeister and S.F. Lee

Testing of 100mK Bolometers for Space Applications 127
A.G. Murray, P.A. Ade, R.S. Bhatia, M.J. Griffin, B. Maffei, R. Nartallo, J.W. Beeman, J.J. Bock, A. Lange and H. DelCastillo

High-Tc Superconducting Bolometer for Atmospheric OH Observation 131
M.J. de Nivelle, M.P. Bruijn, R. de Vries, J.J. Wijnbergen, P.A. de Korte, S. Sanchez, M. Elwenspoek, T. Heidenblut, B. Schwierzi, W. Michalke and E. Steinbeiß

SCUBA: First Scientific Results from the JCMT 135
W.K. Gear, W.S. Holland, C.R. Cunningham and J.F. Lightfoot

The South Pole imaging Fabry-Perot Interferometer (SPIFI) 139
G.J. Stacey, C.M. Bradford, M.R. Swain, J.M. Jackson, A.D. Bolato, J.A. Davidson and M. Savage

Posters:

Numerical Optimization of Bolometric Infrared Detectors including Optical Loading, Amplifier Noise and Electrical Nonlinearities 143
P.L. Richards, S.M. Grannan and M.K. Hase

Fast Digital Electronics for Space Bolometers's Modulation System 145
S. Gaertner, M. Giard, A. Benoit, J.M. Lamarre and N. Piat


Session 5: Heterodyne Frontends and Instruments

Chairmen: P. Encrenaz, J. Tauber and T. de Jong

Recent Progress in Submillimetre Heterodyne Receiver Development (Invited) 151
J. Zmuidzinas

Assessment of Submillimetre Heterodyne Mixers for Space Applications 155
H. van de Stadt, J.R. Gao, Th. de Graauw, W. Luinge, K. Wildeman and J. Wijnbergen

A Heterodyne Receiver for the Frequency Range 1-6 THz 159
H.W. Hübers, H.P. Röser and G.W. Schwaab

A 850 GHz SIS Receiver Employing Silicon Micro-Machining Technology 163
J.W. Kooi, J. Pety, P.L. Schaffer, T.G. Phillips, B. Bumble, H.G. LeDuc and C.K. Walker

Integrated Tuning for NbN SIS Mixer at Terahertz Frequencies 171
V.Yu. Belitsky and E.L. Kollberg

Tunable Solid State p-type Germanium Laser in the Frequency Range from 1-4 THz 175
E. Bründermann, A.M. Linhart, L.A. Reichertz, H.P. Röser, O.D. Dubon, W.L. Hansen, G.C. Sirmain and E.E. Haller

New Quasi-Optical Circuit Technology for the Submillimetre-Wave Range 179
K. Schünemann, R. Judaschke and M. Shahabadi

Micro-Machined Integrated Components for Terahertz Frequencies 183
J.W. Bowen, L.S. Karatzas, B.M. Towlson, N.J. Cronin, D.A. Brown, S. Wootton, N. Agbor, J.M. Chamberlain, G.M. Parkhurst, J. Digby, M. Henini, C. Collins, R.D. Pollard, R.E. Miles, D.P. Steenson and D. Thompson

Acousto-Optical Spectrometers in Space 187
R. Schieder, J. Horn, O. Siebertz, M. Klumb, J. Frerick and V. Tolls

Integrated Submillimetre Heterodyne Receivers (Invited) 193
V.P. Koshelets, S.V. Shitov, L.V. Filippenko, A.M. Baryshev, A.V. Shchunkin, G.V. Prokopenko, P.G. Litskevitch, Th. de Graauw, W. Luinge, H. van de Stadt, H. Golstein, H. Schaeffer, T.M. Klapwijk, J.R. Gao, P. Lehikoinen and J. Mygind

Planar Schottky Technology for Submillimetre Wavelenghts 203
T.W. Crowe, W.L. Bishop, J.L. Hesler, S.M. Marazita, P.J. Koh and D.W. Porterfield

Hot Electron Mixers for THz Applications 207
H. Ekström, M. Kroug, V. Belitsky, E. Kollberg, H. Olsson, G. Goltsman, E. Gershenzon, P. Yagoubov, B. Voronov and S. Yngvesson

Diffusion-Cooled Superconducting Hot-Electron Bolometer Heterodyne Mixer at 660 and 800 GHz 211
K. Fiegle, D. Diehl and K. Jacobs

A Heterodyne Instrument for FIRST: HIFI (.html 22kb) 215
N.D. Whyborn

Posters:

Development of SIS Junctions for Astrophysical Observations 219
G. Sironi, G. Boella, M. Gervasi, A. Vaccari, D. Andreone, L. Brunetti, V. Lacquaniti, S. Maggi, R. Steni, U. Pisani, G.P. Bava, E. Bava, G. Bonelli, V. Natale and G. Tofani

Area Reduction Process for Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb Josephson Junctions for SIS Mixer Applications 223
V. Lacquaniti, S. Maggi and R. Steni

Electromagnetic Optimization of SIS-Junction Mixers for Astronomical Applications 227
G.P. Bava, U. Pisani and L. Brunetti

A Sensitive 1 THz SIS Waveguide Mixer 231
H.van de Stadt, A. Baryshev, P. Dieleman, J.R. Gao, H. Golstein, Th. de Graauw, W. Hulshoff, T.M. Klapwijk, S. Kovtonvuk and H. Schaeffer

High-frequency Dual Channel SIS Receiver for Ground-based Astronomical Observations 237
C.E. Honingh, S. Haas, D. Hottgenroth, K. Jacobs, U.U. Graf and J. Stutzki

An Airborne SIS Receiver for Atmospheric Research 241
N.D. Whyborn, J.F. Golstein, W. Hulshoff, A. de Jonge, Q. Kleipool, H. Küllmann, J. Mees, H.H.A. Schaeffer and J. Urban

A Sensitive SIS Receiver at 424/440 GHz for the PIROG-8 Experiment: Performance and Considerations on Stability 245
P. Febvre, S. George, A. Deschamps, B. Lecomte and G. Olofsson

Local Oscillator Systems for (Sub)Millimetre Spectroscopy 249
S. Andersson and A. Emrich

Space-qualified, Wide-band and Ultra-wide-band Acousto-Optical Spectrometers for Millimetre and Submillimetre Radioastronomy 253
A. Lecacheux, C. Rosolen and D. Michet

Autocorrelation Spectrometers for (Sub)Millimetre Spectroscopy 257
A. Emrich and S. Andersson

Terasat - A DLR 1 THz Small Satellite for Astronomical Applications 261
G.W. Schwaab, K. Brieß, K.H. Lehmann, H.P. Röser, F. Rollenhagen, C. Schalinski, H. Studemund, R. Mauersberger and R. Schieder


Session 6: Cooling Systems

Chairman: T. Bradshaw

Cryogenic Cooling Systems in Space (Invited) 267
C.I. Jewell

Microphonic Susceptibility Testing of 100 mK Bolometric Detectors 277
R.S. Bhatia, P.A.R. Ade, M.J. Griffin, I.D. Hepburn and A.G. Murray

Low Vibration and Temperature Control of Space Cryogenic Coolers 281
F.G. Tichborne

Sorption Cooling of Astrophysics Science Instruments 285
L.A. Wade and A.R. Levy

Helium Adsorption Coolers for Space 289
L. Duband, A. Lange and J. Bock

Posters:

Design and Development of a 4K Mechanical Cooler for FIRST 293
S.R. Scull, B.G. Jones, T.W. Bradshaw, A.H. Orlowska and C.I. Jewell

The Batch Manufacture of Single Stage Stirling Cycle Coolers for Space Applications 297
B.G. Jones, S.R. Scull and C.I. Jewell

The FIRST Spacecraft with Mechanical Cryogenic Coolers 301
J. Higgins, P. Villefranche and S. Scull

Cold Links for Space Instrumentation 305
M. Royer and R. Picault

A Possible Cryogen-Free Adiabetic Demagnetization Refrigerator for Space 311
I.D. Hepburn, A. Smith, W. Duncan and N. Kerley

Far Infrared and Submillimetre Instrument Cooling by a He II-Cryostat 315
A. Seidel, R. Birkl, J. Schupp, M. Sander and G. Jochimsen


List of Participants