ESA SP-314: Proceedings of the 29th Liège International Astrophysical Colloqium `From Ground-Based to Space-Borne Sub-mm Astronomy' (December 1990)



CONTENTS

OPENING OF THE COLLOQUIUM
 

W. Legros, Vice President, University of Liège 11

I. Collin, Dean, Faculty of Sciences 12

R. Bonnet, Director Scientific Programmes, ESA 14

Ch. Townes, University of California, President of Colloquium 16

J-P. Swings, Chairman Local Organising Committee 17

 

I
A FEW ASPECTS OF PAST, PRESENT
AND
FUTURE SUBMILLIMETRE ASTRONOMY
 
 
I.1 Submillimetre observations with the Kuiper Airborne Observatory 21
M. Harwit

I.2 Early results from the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) 25
J. C. Mather et al

I.3 Early COBE results and superconducting cosmic strings 33
M. Signore and N. Sanchez

I.4 FIRST - Far Infrared and Submillimetre Space Telescope 37
U. Frisk
 

II
COSMOLOGY AND
SOME SPACE PROJECTS
 

II.1 Submillimetric cosmology: From ground based to space observations 49
P. de Bernardis et al

II.2 The microwave background: Its smoothness and frequency distribution as an astrophysical product 59
F. Hoyle, N. C. Wichramasinghe and G. Burbidge

II.3 Submillimetre astronomy and cosmological tests 65
G. B. Sholomitskii

II.4 Submillimetre observations of extragalactic objects from 50 µm to 1 mm 71
D. B. Sanders

II.5 Extragalactic source counts, confusion limits and contributions to the background radiation in the submillimetre 79
A. Franceschini et al

II.6 [CII] 158 µm line mapping of spiral galaxies 85
G. J. Stacey et al

II.7 Japanese space programmes of IR and submillimetre astronomy 93
H. Okuda

II.8 RELICT-2 project: Scientific programme and structure 99
I Strutov et al
 
II.9 Millimetre observations of a complete sample of galaxies: Implications for gas mass and cold dust  component 105
P. Andreani, A. Franceschini and J. Roland

II.10 The importance of submillimetre observations of radio quiet and radio loud AGN's 111
I. Robson, D. Hughes and W. Gear

II.11 The confusion limits to the sensitivity of submillimetre telescopes 117
G. Helou and C. A. Beichman

 

III
GALACTIC ASTRONOMY AND DIFFERENT
DETECTION SYSTEMS IN SUBMILLIMETRE
 

III.1 The galactic centre in the submillimetre and far-infrared wavelengths: A progress report 127
R. Genzel

III.2 SOFIA, the stratospheric observatory for infrared astronomy 135
R. Hildebrand and J. A. Davidson

III.3 Large-scale [CII] 158 micron emission of the galaxy observed by a balloon-borne telescope 141
H. Shibai et al

III.4 The MPE/UCB Far-Infrared Imaging Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (FIFI) 149
A. Poglitsch et al

III.5 Late-type stars at far-infrared and submillimetre wavelengths (Abstract) 153
T. de Jong

III.6 1.3 mm continuum emission from circumstellar envelopes 155
C. M. Walmsley et al

III.7 The Swedish-ESO Submillimetre Telescope (SEST) 159
L-Å. Nyman and R. S. Booth

III.8 The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory submillimetre wave telescope array 161
C. R. Masson

III.9 Coherent and incoherent detection 165
A. I. Harris
 

IV
INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM
- STAR FORMATION
 

IV.I The structure of molecular clouds: New questions 173
E. Falgarone

IV.2 Submillimetre astronomy and low mass star formation 179
C. Beichman

IV.3 Investigation of highly excited CO transitions in OMC-I 189
G. W. Schwaab et al

IV.4 A highly collimated bipolar outflow in the core of OMC-1: CO submillimetre emission 193
J. Schmid-Burgk et al
 

V
HETERODYNE SPECTROSCOPY
AND SOME PROJECTS
 

V.1 Requirements for SIS receivers in the 500 - 1000 GHz region 199
E. C. Sutton

V.2 Far-infrared heterodyne technology 205
A. L. Betz and R. T. Boreiko

V.3 Development of components for submillimetre wave heterodyne radiometers at JPL 211
M. A. Frerking et al

V.4 LDR: A submillimetre `Great' observatory 215
R. W. Wilson

V.5 A submillimetre mission for the 1990's, SMMM 221
T. G. Phillips

V.6 PRONAOS 229
P. Encrenaz

 

VI
`CHEMISTRY' AND SOME PROJECTS
 

VI.1 Interstellar chemistry and submillimetre astronomy 233
T. J. Millar

VI.2 First detection of C3H2 at submillimetre wavelengths 239
A. Heske et al

VI.3 Submillimetre water masers at 321 and 325 GHz 243
K. M. Menten et al

VI.4 Excitation of submillimetre water masers (Abstract) 249
D. A. Neufeld and G. J. Melnick

VI.5 The submillimetre wave astronomy satellite 251
G. J. Melnick et al
 

VII
DUST AND DIRECT DETECTION
INSTRUMENTATION
 

VII.I FIR and submillimetre direct detection spectrometers for spaceborne astronomy 259
J. Wijnbergen and Th. de Graauw

VII.2 Submillimetre direct photometry with large telescopes 265
E. Kreysa

VII.3 Submillimetre observations of interstellar dust 271
J-L. Puget and F. Boulanger

VII.4 The Oo (63µm) line emission from galactic high latitude cirrus clouds 275
R. Stark

VII.5 The search for protostars in high mass star forming regions 279
T. L. Wilson

 

VIII
GROUND BASED TELESCOPES
AND SOLAR SYSTEM IN SUBMILLIMETRE
 

VIII.1 Status report on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (Abstract) 289
R. Hills

VIII.2 The Caltech submillimetre observatory (Abstract) 291
T. G. Phillips

VIII.3 The submillimetre telescope (SMT) 293
J. W. M. Baars and R. M. Martin

VIII.4 New Cologne acousto-optical spectrometer projects 299
V. Tolls, R. Schieder and G. Winnewisser

VIII.5a Submillimetre astronomy from the Antarctic Plateau 307
A. A. Stark (read by R. Wilson)

VIII.5b The OASI observatory in Antarctica 311
P. Calisse et al

VIII.6 Submillimetre observations of solar-system objects 313
Th. Encrenaz and J. Crovisier
 

POSTERS
 

1) An active telescope for the submillimetre PRONAOS balloon-borne project 323
F. Buisson and M. Duran

2) Image quality of the PRONAOS telescope 329
H. Safa

3) A millimetre and submillimetre balloon telescope for measurements of diffuse radiation 335
P. de Bernardis et al

4) The TIR project: A balloon telescope for the measurement of CBR anisotropies 341
F. Melchiorri et al

5) A high throughput, multiband photometer for the TIR project 345
P. de Bernardis et al

6) A flexible hybrid spectrometer for balloon borne and ground based (sub)millimetre wavelength astronomy 349
A. Emrich

7) SCUBA: A submillimetre camera 353
W. K. Gear and C. R. Cunningham

8) Performance tests on Ge:Ga and Ge:Be detectors for the ISO long wavelength spectrometer 359
M. Griffin et al

9) Millimetre and submillimetre wave planar antenna arrays for SIS detectors 365
H. van de Stadt, Th. de Graauw and A. Skalare

10) Airborne heterodyne receiver for the range 600 GHz to 3000 GHz 369
H. P. Roser et al

11) Radiatively-cooled telescopes for infrared space astronomy 375
T. J. Lee et al

12) Telescope technology for space-borne submillimetre astronomy 381
D. H. Lehman and G. Helou

13) MOSES - A proposed Swedish submillimetre satellite for combined
astronomical and atmospheric observations 387
L. Nordh et al

14) The University of Tokyo-Nobeyama radio observatory submillimetre survey telescope 391
S. Sakamoto et al

15) Submillimetre photometry of comets 397
D. Jewitt and J. Luu

 

PANEL DISCUSSION
AND
SUMMARY TALK
 

Contributions to panel discussion 403

An international programme for submillimetre and far-infrared astronomy from space 407
T. Phillips and R. Genzel

Summary Talk
Ch. Townes 415

List of participants 419